Thesis (M.Sc.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Pediatrics

Background: Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN), is the most common form of acute glomerulonephritis in paediatrics. It follows upper respiratory or skin infection with group Ý-haemolytic streptococcus in most cases. It is characterized by the sudden appearance of oedema, haematuria, proteinuria and hypertension. Objective: Assessment of the prevalence of APSGN in Egyptian children presenting to the Children{u2019}s Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, also determining clinical presentation, complications and outcome of APSGN. Study design: Retrospectively, we reviewed files of all patients in the last five years (between 2010 and 2015) with the diagnosis of APSGN & In addition the new inpatient or outpatient cases at the time of the study with a provisional diagnosis of APSGN were enrolled in the study. Results: A total of 157 children with APSGN were identified. Cases were divided into de{uFB01}nite cases were 117 (haematuria with low C3 and high streptococcal titres or biopsy proven APSGN) or probable cases were 40 (haematuria with low C3 or high streptococcal titres), with incidence 6.4% from total cases attending nephrology clinic in this period. Male: female ratio 2.34 :1 with mean age 7.87±3.112 years. The clinical presentation among patients were oedema in 99.4%, gross haematuria in 66%, hypertension in 63%, acute kidney injury (detected by AKIN classification) in 39.5%, hypertensive encephalopathy in 7% &requirement of dialysis were in 1.3%.There was inverse correlation between level of C3 & systemic hypertension among the patients.

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