Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences - Department of Laser Application in Engineering

Cancer is a group of diseases involves abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. It is one of the first causes death universally. The potential of nano-medicine and the optical imagining were developed for early cancer detection aimed to effective cancer treatment. The main contribution of this research is developing a new cheaper technique for cancer management by targeting small tumor by using the NPs and NIR laser for early cancer diagnosis and treatment. The present research is environment-friendly deals with a novel method to synthesize the nanoparticles (NPs) from natural biomaterials. Three NPs were synthesized to investigate their therapeutic effect against the colon cancer (Caco-2 cells) in the absence and the presence of near-infrared laser (660 nm, 10 mW) and to observe their effect in cancer diagnosis. Those NPs were chitosan tripolyphosphate NPs (C-TPP NPs), Ashwagandha chitosan tripolyphosphate NPs (Ash-C-TPP NPs) and chitosan ashwagandha NPs (ASH-C NPs). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis was used to get the IR bands of the functional groups for each of Ashwagandha root water extract, Chitosan, and all the synthesized nanoparticles. NPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and electronic transmission microscope. In the therapy assay, the cytotoxicity was analyzed by the MTT test and the cells viability were assessed using the trypan blue assay. The cells were photographed under the inverted microscope in the presence of the NIR. Data analyzed statistically using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with Bonferroni posthoc multiple two group comparisons

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