Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Science - Department of Biochemistry

Diabetes is a metabolic disease distinguished by increased glucose in the bloodstream resulted from insulin secretion defect, insulin action, or both. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related to micro- and macrovascular diseases increased risk. Exact T2DM vascular damage mechanisms have not been fully settled, but reduced extracellular matrix remodeling regulations by tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may cause the vascular complications. This work investigated associations between TIMP-1 expression level, and osteopontin (OPN) concentration with diabetic cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in type 2 diabetic patients, to predict potential progression and aid in case management. These were examined on 80 individuals, divided into three groups as follows: 20 volunteer healthy control individuals, 30 diabetic patients, and 30 diabetic patients suffer from cardiovascular diseases. Full clinical investigations were carried out and the expression levels of TIMP-1 in blood samples were analyzed by real time PCR, using gene-specific primer pairs, also osteopontin concentrations had been measured by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were statistically analyzed; TIMP-1 expression levels, and osteopontin concentrations were significantly increased in diabetic and cardiovascular diabetic groups as compared to the control group also they were significantly increased in cardiovascular diabetic group as compared to the diabetic group

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