Thesis (Ph.D)-Cairo University, 2025.

Bibliography: pages 103-132.

This study aimed to identify the phenolic compounds, investigate the
antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity of cinnamon, sumac or
turmeric extracts; crude (ethanol) and successive extracts (petroleum ether,
ethyl acetate and ethanol), synthesis of silver nanoparticles to study the
physical characteristics and antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer
activities of nanoparticles and produce cinnamon, sumac or turmeric
crackers, comparing imbalanced diets with the crackers to increase their
usefulness in resisting some of the side effects of these diets. The results
demonstrated that the ethanolic and crude extracts gave the highest
antioxidant activity using DPPH● (IC ranging from 0.631 to 0.895

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μg/mL) and ABTS (IC ranging from 0.903 to 0.995 μg/mL). Cinnamon

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ethanolic extract (CEE) contains the highest concentrations of cinnamic and
salicylic acids, while, turmeric ethanolic extract (TEE) has the highest
concentration of Gallic acid followed by sumac crude extract (SCE). Also,
sumac ethanolic extract (SEE) has the highest antimicrobial activity against
B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans, while CEE has the
highest antimicrobial activity against A. fumigatus but SCE has the largest
inhibition zone on E. coli; compared with other extracts. Turmeric crude
extract (TCE) has the highest anticancer activity against (PC3) and (MCF7)
cell lines (LC = 30.62 and 33.53 μg/mL, respectively), on the other hand,

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TEE has the highest anticancer activity against (HCT116) cell line (LC =

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27.81 μg/mL). Compared to crude turmeric extract, TNPs extract shows
greater antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activity. The results
demonstrated that feeding with HF and HC diets exerts multifarious effects
on liver weight, glucose, hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and
ALT levels. Rats fed on cinnamon, sumac or turmeric-fortified crackers
resisted some of the side effects associated with HF and HC diets.

المستخلصات الإيثانولية والخام للكركم والقرفة والسماق أعطت أعلى نشاط مضاد للأكسدة باستخدام DPPH و ABTS. تميز مستخلص السماق الإيثانولي بأعلى نشاط ضد B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans ، بينما تميز مستخلص القرفة الإيثانولي بأعلى نشاط ضدA. fumigatus ، وتميز مستخلص السماق الخام بأكبر تثبيط على E. coli ؛ مقارنةً بالمستخلصات الأخرى. تميز مستخلص الكركم الخام بأعلى نشاط ضد خلايا (PC3) و(MCF7)، بينما تميز مستخلص الكركم الإيثانولي بأعلى نشاط ضد خلايا (HCT116). تبين ان اتباع نظام غذائي عالى الدهون او الكربوهيدرات له تأثيرات متعددة على وزن الكبد، وسكر الدم، والهيموغلوبين، والكوليسترول، والدهون الثلاثية، وLDL وAST. قاومت البسكويت المدعم بالكركم والسماق والقرفة بعض هذه التأثيرات.

Issues also as CD.

Text in English and abstract in Arabic & English.