Thesis (Ph.D.) - Cairo University - Faculty of Science - Department of Biochemistry

Study objective: The aim of the study is to assess the effect of aqueous extract of Pterocarpus santalinus heart wood and Brassica nigra seeds on amelioration of type 2 diabetes mellitus and evaluate the roles of these extracts on recover of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic liver injury in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The study is include 24 adult male albino rats and were divided into four groups, each group contain 6 animals. Group 1 served as control group. For induction of diabetes rats were received STZ (65 mg/kg body weight). After STZ induction the remaining three groups were split as follow: group 2 served as diabetic untreated group, group 3 served as diabetic group treated with aqueous Pterocarpus santalinus extract and group 4 served as diabetic group treated with aqueous Brassica nigra extract. Results: STZ administration produced significant up-regulation in the mRNA of Thioredoxininteracting protein (TXNIP), The Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3) inflammasome and Apoptosis-enhancing nuclease (AEN). Also STZ administration produced significant increase in serum glucose, HbA1c, Homeostatic Model Assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipids, creatinine, urea, ALT and AST levels; also, significant decrease in insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and HDL levels. The effects of aqueous extracts of pterocarpus santalinus wood and Brassica nigra seeds were significant down-regulated the mRNA of TXNIP, NLRP3 and AEN. Also the results of this study showed that after treatment by aqueous of Pterocarpus santalinus wood and Brassica nigra seeds there were significant decreased in serum levels of glucose, HbA1c, lipids, creatinine, urea, ALT and AST as well as significant increase in insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IS), Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) and HDL levels

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